Ubushyuhe muriifumbire yo guterwamo inshingeNta busumbane mu ngingo zitandukanye, ibyo bikaba bifitanye isano n'igihe cyo gutera. Akamaro k'imashini ikoresha ubushyuhe bw'ibimera ni ugukomeza ubushyuhe hagati y'iminota 2 na 2 max, bivuze gukumira itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe rihindagurika mu gihe cyo gukora cyangwa icyuho. Uburyo bukurikira bwo kugenzura bukwiriye mu kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibimera: Kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'amazi ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura bushobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu bihe byinshi. Hakoreshejwe ubu buryo bwo kugenzura, ubushyuhe bugaragara ku gikoresho cyo kugenzura ntibuhuye n'ubushyuhe bw'ibimera; ubushyuhe bw'ibimera burahindagurika cyane, kuko ibintu bishyuha bigira ingaruka ku bimera bitapimwe neza kandi bikishyurwa kubera ibi bintu birimo impinduka mu gihe cyo gutera, umuvuduko w'imashini, ubushyuhe bushonga n'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba. Icya kabiri ni ukugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibimera mu buryo butaziguye. Ubu buryo ni ugushyiramo icyuma gipima ubushyuhe imbere mu gikoresho, gikoreshwa gusa iyo uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibimera buri hejuru. Ibintu by'ingenzi bigize uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibimera birimo: ubushyuhe bushyirwaho n'igikoresho cyo kugenzura buhuye n'ubushyuhe bw'ibimera; ibintu bishyuha bigira ingaruka ku bimera bishobora gupimwa bitaziguye kandi bigasubizwa. Mu bihe bisanzwe, ubushyuhe bw'ibihumyo buhagaze neza kuruta kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'amazi. Byongeye kandi, kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'ibihumyo bifite ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo neza mu kugenzura inzira yo gukora. Icya gatatu ni kugenzura ingingo. Kugenzura ingingo ni uguhuza uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru, bushobora kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'amazi n'ibihumyo icyarimwe. Mu kugenzura ingingo, aho icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kiri mu gihumyo ni ingenzi cyane. Mu gushyira icyuma gipima ubushyuhe, imiterere, imiterere, n'aho umuyoboro wo gukonjesha uherereye bigomba kwitabwaho. Byongeye kandi, icyuma gipima ubushyuhe kigomba gushyirwa ahantu hagira uruhare runini mu bwiza bw'ibice byabumbwe. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza imashini imwe cyangwa nyinshi zipima ubushyuhe ku gihumyo gipima. Ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwa digitale mu bijyanye no gukora, kwizerwa no kurwanya ihungabana.
Ubushyuhe buringaniye bwaifumbire yo guterwamo inshingeigenzura uburyo ubushyuhe bukoreshwa hagati y’imashini ikora imashini n’ibumba ni ingenzi mu gukora ibice byakozwe mu imashini. Imbere muri ibumba, ubushyuhe buva muri pulasitiki (nka thermoplastic) bwimurirwa mu bikoresho no mu cyuma cy’ibumba binyuze mu mirasire y’ubushyuhe, hanyuma bukimurirwa mu mazi yo kohereza ubushyuhe binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwimurirwa mu kirere n’ishingiro ry’ibumba binyuze mu mirasire y’ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bwinjizwa n’amazi yo kohereza ubushyuhe bukurwa n’imashini ikora ubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bw’ibumba bushobora gusobanurwa nka: P = Pm-Ps. Aho P ari ubushyuhe bukurwa n’imashini ikora ubushyuhe; Pm ni ubushyuhe butangwa na pulasitiki; Ps ni ubushyuhe buva muri ibumba bujya mu kirere. Intego yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’ibumba n’ingaruka z’ubushyuhe bw’ibumba ku bice byakozwe mu imashini. Mu gikorwa cyo gushushanya imashini, intego nyamukuru yo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’ibumba ni ugushyushya ibumba kugeza ku bushyuhe bukora, no kugumana ubushyuhe bw’ibumba ku bushyuhe bukora. Iyo ingingo ebyiri zavuzwe haruguru zigenze neza, igihe cyo kuzenguruka gishobora kunozwa kugira ngo habeho ubwiza buhamye bw’ibice byakozwe mu imashini. Ubushyuhe bw'ibihumyo buzagira ingaruka ku bwiza bw'ubuso, ubushyuhe, gushonga, ukwezi k'inyongera no guhinduka. Ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa budahagije bw'ibihumyo buzagira ingaruka zitandukanye ku bikoresho bitandukanye. Kuri thermoplastics, ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ibihumyo bukunze kongera ubwiza bw'ubuso n'ubushyuhe, ariko byongera igihe cyo gukonja n'ukwezi k'inyongera. Ubushyuhe buke bw'ibihumyo bugabanya gushonga mu ihumyo, ariko byongera gushonga kw'igice cyakozwe mu ihumyo nyuma yo gusenyuka. Kuri thermoset plastics, ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ibihumyo bukunze kugabanya igihe cyo gukora, kandi igihe kigenwa n'igihe gisabwa kugira ngo igice gikonje. Byongeye kandi, mu gutunganya pulasitiki, ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'ibihumyo bugabanya igihe cyo gukora pulasitiki kandi bugabanye umubare w'ingendo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-26-2021
