Guhindura amatara y'imodoka ni urwego rwihariye cyane, rukubiyemo ibintu byinshi nko gushushanya, ubwubatsi, ibikoresho, n'amategeko. Byaba ari ugusana, guhindura cyangwa gukora ibintu bito, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane ibi bikurikira by'ingenzi. Nabishyize mu byiciro byinshi by'ingenzi kugira ngo byoroshye gusobanukirwa no gufata ibyemezo:

I. Guhuza imiterere n'ubuhanga
Iyi ni intambwe y'ingenzi kandi y'ingenzi cyane.

Amakuru nyayo y'imodoka y'umwimerere

Gusuzuma no gupima 3D: Byaba byiza hakoreshejwe scanner ya 3D kugira ngo haboneke amakuru nyayo y'ibicu by'aho amatara y'imodoka yatangiriye n'aho yashyizwe. Iyi niyo shingiro ryo kwemeza ko igitambaro gishya gihuye neza n'umubiri w'imodoka, hirindwa icyuho kidasa cyangwa ingorane zo kuyishyiraho.

Ubwubatsi bw'ibice by'uruganda by'umwimerere: Iyo nta makuru y'uruganda rw'umwimerere aboneka, hakenewe gusesengura no gupima neza amatara y'uruganda rw'umwimerere kugira ngo hamenyekane neza aho ibice byose by'urukuta biherereye, imyobo yo kuzunguruka, n'aho ibyuma biherereye.

Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu buhura n'uburyo bwo kubishyiraho

Ni ngombwa kugenzura ko ahantu hose ho gushyiramo (udupira, udupira, imyobo yo gushyiramo) ku gikoresho gishya bihuye 100% n'aho imodoka ihurira. Ndetse n'ikosa rya milimetero 1 kugeza kuri 2 rishobora gutuma hatabaho gushyiraho, urusaku rudasanzwe cyangwa gufunga nabi.

Imiterere y'imbere n'ahantu ho kubika

Ubushobozi bwo gukurura urumuri: Ahantu hahagije n'ahantu hadahinduka bigomba kubikwa imbere mu nzu kugira ngo haboneke urumuri runaka (nk'amatara ya halogen, amatara ya xenon/ballast, modules/drivers za LED). Mu guhindura amatara ya LED cyangwa laser, ahantu ho gutwikira ubushyuhe ni ingenzi cyane.

Aho bashyira agasanduku k'urumuri/lens: Agasanduku kagomba kuba gafatanye neza n'agasanduku k'urumuri imbere cyangwa lens y'urumuri kugira ngo urumuri rube rwiza kandi rudacika intege.

Insinga z'amashanyarazi n'imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi: Ni ngombwa kubika umwanya uhagije w'insinga n'aho zisohokera kugira ngo zidapfundikirwa cyangwa ngo zishaje.

Ii. Guhitamo ibikoresho
Ibikoresho bigena mu buryo butaziguye kuramba, kohereza urumuri ndetse no kwihanganira ikirere kw'igikonoshwa.

Ibikoresho by'itara (igice gisobanutse):

Ikundwa: Polycarbonate (PC): Iyi ni yo ngamba ikoreshwa mu nganda kandi ikoreshwa cyane bitewe n’uko idapfa gucika (bitoroshye kuyimena), kohereza urumuri rwinshi ndetse no kudapfa guhindagurika neza mu gihe cy’ikirere.

Uburyo bw'ingenzi: Gukomeza ubushyuhe: Ubuso bw'ibikoresho bya mudasobwa byoroshye kandi bishobora gushwaragurika. Gutunganya no gukomeresha imirasire ya UV bigomba gukorwa kugira ngo birwanye gushwara guterwa n'umucanga n'amabuye no gukaraba imodoka. Muri icyo gihe, bishobora kandi kongera ubushobozi bwo kurwanya imirasire ya ultraviolet no gukumira umuhondo no gusaza mugihe umuntu ahura n'izuba igihe kirekire.

Irinde gukoresha: Akriliki isanzwe (PMMA), nubwo ifite urumuri rwiza, ikomeye nabi kandi yoroshye kuyikoresha, bigatuma idakoreshwa mu gupfuka amatara y'imodoka.

Ibikoresho by'umubiri w'itara (igice cy'ibanze):

Ibyifuzwa: Plastike z’ubuhanga zirinda ubushyuhe, nka PPO, PC/ABS alloys, nibindi. Ibi bikoresho bifite ubushobozi bwo kudahinduka mu buryo bukabije (nta guhindagurika mu bushyuhe bwinshi), kudahinduka kw’ibinyabutabire (kwihanganira ibizinga by’amavuta mu gice cya moteri) ndetse no kudahinduka kw’ubushyuhe (hafi ya moteri).

Iii. Uburyo bwo gukora n'ubwiza
Uburyo bwo gukora

Gutera inshinge: Bikwiriye cyane mu gukora ibintu byinshi, bifite ubwiza bwo hejuru n'ingano nyayo. Ibikoresho bigomba gukorwa, bifite ibiciro byo gutangira biri hejuru, ariko igiciro kuri buri gice ni gito.

Icapiro rya 3D rikozwe mu cyuma gishyushya amazi: Rikwiriye amashami mato, imiterere y’imashini cyangwa uburyo bwihariye bwo guhindura ibintu. Icapiro rya 3D (nk'ishusho ya stereolithography SLA cyangwa SLS) rishobora gukora imiterere igoye cyane, ariko ubushyuhe n'imbaraga by'ubuso akenshi ntabwo ari byiza nk'iby'ibice byabumbwe mu cyuma, kandi bishobora gusaba ko rikorwa nyuma yo gusya no gutera imiti.

Imikorere yo gufunga

Iyi ni yo "nzira y'ubuzima" y'iteranya ry'amatara yo hejuru. Igishushanyo mbonera cy'igikonoshwa kigomba kuba gifite imiyoboro yizewe yo kuziba.

Ifunze: Ifunze ishyushye ikoreshwa mu modoka (nk'ifunze ya butyl / PUR) igomba gukoreshwa. Uburyo bwo gufunga bugomba gukorwa ahantu hatari ivumbi cyangwa hari ivumbi rike kugira ngo imirongo ya kole ibe imwe, ikomeza kandi nta gucika. Kunanirwa gufunga bishobora gutuma igihu, amazi n'umukungugu byinjira imbere mu matara, bikangiza ibice by'amashanyarazi imbere mu buryo butaziguye.

Gutunganya ubuso

Igicucu cy'itara: Irangi rikomeye inyuma, n'irirangi ririnda igihu nabyo bishobora kuba ngombwa imbere.

Itara: Ubusanzwe, gusukura primer na topcoat birakenewe kugira ngo bifashe neza, birwanye ikirere kandi bihuze n'amabara y'imodoka ya mbere. Irangi rigomba kuba rishoboye kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ibisigazwa by'amavuta mu gice cya moteri.

Iv. Gukurikiza amabwiriza mu buryo bw'umucyo
Ubwoko bw'urumuri n'imikorere ya fotometrike:

Akamaro k'ingenzi k'amatara y'imbere ni ugutanga urumuri kandi ntagomba gutera abandi urumuri. Agasanduku kamwe ntigahagije; kagomba kuba gafatanye n'agakombe cyangwa lenzi byakozwe mu buryo bw'izuba.

Mu guhindura imiterere y'inzu, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ihuzwa n'ibice by'urumuri (amasafuriya/ama-lense) bishobora gukora imirongo y'urumuri n'umwijima ikurikiza amabwiriza y'umutekano. Bitabaye ibyo, amatara yo mu rugo ashobora gutsindwa mu igenzura rya buri mwaka kandi agateza ibibazo by'umutekano.

Icyemezo cy'amategeko agenga

Mu bihugu bitandukanye no mu turere dutandukanye, amatara y’imodoka agomba kwemererwa gutanga ibyangombwa, nk’icyemezo cya CCC cy’Ubushinwa, icyemezo cya E-mark cy’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, n’icyemezo cya DOT cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, n’ibindi.

Niba inzu yihariye ikoreshwa mu kugurisha imodoka cyangwa igasimbuza ibice byayo, ni ngombwa gusuzuma niba icyuma cya nyuma cy’amatara gishyiraho gishobora kuzuza ibi bisabwa n’amategeko. Ku birebana n’impinduka ku giti cy’umuntu, nubwo ibisabwa bishobora koroshywa, kubahiriza amabwiriza ni yo shingiro ry’umutekano.

V. Abatanga ibicuruzwa n'ibiciro byabyo
Ndashaka abatanga ibicuruzwa by'inzobere

Shaka inganda zifite uburambe mu gukora amatara cyangwa ibice by'imodoka, aho gushaka inganda zisanzwe zikora ibumba rya pulasitiki. Basobanukiwe neza imiterere y'ibikoresho, uburyo bwo gufunga n'ibisabwa mu ikoranabuhanga.

Igiciro cyo gufungura ifu n'ingano ntoya yo gutumiza (MOQ):

Iyo hashyizweho uburyo bwo gushushanya mu buryo bw’ingufu, ikiguzi cy’ibumba ni ishoramari rinini cyane (riva ku bihumbi icumi kugeza ku bihumbi amagana bya RMB). Ni ngombwa gusobanura neza umutungo w’ibumba n’uburyo bwo kuyibungabunga nyuma yaho.

Abatanga ibicuruzwa ubusanzwe baba bafite umubare ntarengwa w’ibicuruzwa basabwa.

Ikizamini cy'icyitegererezo

Menya neza ko wakoze ingero (ingero za T0) kandi ugakora ibizamini bikomeye mbere yo gukora byinshi:

Ikizamini cyo kuyishyiraho: Shyira ku modoka nyayo hanyuma urebe niba ifite ingano ihuye.

Ibizamini byo kwigana ibidukikije: harimo ibipimo by'ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushuhe bwinshi, ibipimo by'ubukonje n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ibipimo by'imvura, ibipimo by'imvura, ibipimo by'izuba, ibipimo by'ubusaza bw'imirasire y'urumuri, nibindi, kugira ngo byigane imiterere y'imyaka myinshi y'ikoreshwa.

Isuzuma ry'amatara: Gerageza niba ubwoko bw'urumuri bwujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho mu cyumba cy'umwijima.